4. Porting HTML5 Canvas Code to Qt Quick
In this page, we want to show how easy it is to port existing HTML5 Canvas code to Qt Quick using the Canvas element.
Note
A general list of the necessary changes can be found in the Qt documentation for :qt5-snapshot: Qt Quick Canvas.
4.1. The HTML5 Canvas Code
We are going to port the spirograph [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirograph] example used in this HTML5 Canvas Tutorial [https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Canvas_tutorial/Transformations].
The HTML5 code looks like this:
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2012 Digia Plc and/or its subsidiary(-ies).
** Contact: http://www.qt-project.org/legal
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
** You may use this file under the terms of the BSD license as follows:
**
** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
** met:
** * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
** * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
** the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
** distribution.
** * Neither the name of Digia Plc and its Subsidiary(-ies) nor the names
** of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
** from this software without specific prior written permission.
**
**
** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
function draw() {
var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas').getContext('2d');
ctx.fillRect(0,0,300,300);
for (var i=0;i<3;i++) {
for (var j=0;j<3;j++) {
ctx.save();
ctx.strokeStyle = "#9CFF00";
ctx.translate(50+j*100,50+i*100);
drawSpirograph(ctx,20*(j+2)/(j+1),-8*(i+3)/(i+1),10);
ctx.restore();
}
}
}
function drawSpirograph(ctx,R,r,O){
var x1 = R-O;
var y1 = 0;
var i = 1;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x1,y1);
do {
if (i>20000) break;
var x2 = (R+r)*Math.cos(i*Math.PI/72)
- (r+O)*Math.cos(((R+r)/r)*(i*Math.PI/72))
var y2 = (R+r)*Math.sin(i*Math.PI/72)
- (r+O)*Math.sin(((R+r)/r)*(i*Math.PI/72))
ctx.lineTo(x2,y2);
x1 = x2;
y1 = y2;
i++;
} while (x2 != R-O && y2 != 0 );
ctx.stroke();
}
4.2. The Qt Quick Canvas Code
To port this code to a Qt Quick application, we can copy the code for drawing function into the onPaint handler of Qt Quick Canvas. We only need to change the line in which we acquire the drawing context: instead of using a DOM API call (document.getElementById('canvas')), we access the canvas directly. The JavaScript function can be inserted as a member function of the canvas.
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2012 Digia Plc and/or its subsidiary(-ies).
** Contact: http://www.qt-project.org/legal
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
** You may use this file under the terms of the BSD license as follows:
**
** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
** met:
** * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
** * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
** the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
** distribution.
** * Neither the name of Digia Plc and its Subsidiary(-ies) nor the names
** of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
** from this software without specific prior written permission.
**
**
** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
import QtQuick 2.0
Canvas {
id: canvas
width: 300
height: 300
// the function "draw()" can be put into the "onPaint" handler
onPaint: {
// the acquisition of the rendering context needs to be adapted
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
ctx.fillRect(0,0,300,300);
for (var i=0;i<3;i++) {
for (var j=0;j<3;j++) {
ctx.save();
ctx.strokeStyle = "#9CFF00";
ctx.translate(50+j*100,50+i*100);
drawSpirograph(ctx,20*(j+2)/(j+1),-8*(i+3)/(i+1),10);
ctx.restore();
}
}
}
// the utility function "drawSpirograph()" can remain unchanged
function drawSpirograph(ctx,R,r,O) {
var x1 = R-O;
var y1 = 0;
var i = 1;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x1,y1);
do {
if (i>20000) break;
var x2 = (R+r)*Math.cos(i*Math.PI/72)
- (r+O)*Math.cos(((R+r)/r)*(i*Math.PI/72))
var y2 = (R+r)*Math.sin(i*Math.PI/72)
- (r+O)*Math.sin(((R+r)/r)*(i*Math.PI/72))
ctx.lineTo(x2,y2);
x1 = x2;
y1 = y2;
i++;
} while (x2 != R-O && y2 != 0 );
ctx.stroke();
}
}
This is how the ported Qt Quick application looks like:
As you can see, it is surprisingly easy to use existing HTML5 Canvas code in your Qt Quick application.
What’s Next?
The next chapter concludes this tutorial.