# curs_add_wch 3x

    curs_add_wch(3x)                                       curs_add_wch(3x)

## NAME

           add_wch,   wadd_wch,  mvadd_wch,  mvwadd_wch,  echo_wchar,
           wecho_wchar - add a complex character and rendition  to  a
           curses window, then advance the cursor

## SYNOPSIS

           #include <curses.h>

           int add_wch( const cchar_t *wch );
           int wadd_wch( WINDOW *win, const cchar_t *wch );
           int mvadd_wch( int y, int x, const cchar_t *wch );
           int  mvwadd_wch(  WINDOW *win, int y, int x, const cchar_t
           *wch );
           int echo_wchar( const cchar_t *wch );
           int wecho_wchar( WINDOW *win, const cchar_t *wch );

## DESCRIPTION

           The add_wch, wadd_wch, mvadd_wch, and mvwadd_wch functions
           put the complex character wch into the given window at its
           current position, which is then advanced.  These functions
           perform  wrapping and special-character processing as fol-
           lows:

           o   If wch refers to a spacing character, then any  previ-
               ous  character  at  that  location  is removed.  A new
               character specified by wch is placed at that  location
               with  rendition  specified  by  wch.   The cursor then
               advances to the next spacing character on the  screen.

           o   If wch refers to a non-spacing character, all previous
               characters at that location are preserved.   The  non-
               spacing  characters  of  wch  are added to the spacing
               complex character, and the rendition specified by  wch
               is ignored.

           o   If  the  character  part  of  wch  is  a tab, newline,
               backspace or other control character,  the  window  is
               updated  and the cursor moves as if addch were called.

           The echo_wchar function is functionally  equivalent  to  a
           call to add_wch followed by a call to refresh.  Similarly,
           the wecho_wchar is functionally equivalent to  a  call  to
           wadd_wch  followed  by  a call to wrefresh.  The knowledge
           that only a single character is being output is taken into
           consideration and, for non-control characters, a consider-
           able performance gain might be seen by  using  the  *echo*
           functions instead of their equivalents.

       Line Graphics
           Like  addch(3x),  addch_wch  accepts symbols which make it
           simple to draw lines and  other  frequently  used  special
           characters.   These  symbols  correspond to the same VT100
           line-drawing set as addch(3x).

           Name              Unicode    Default   Description
           ----------------------------------------------------------------
           WACS_BLOCK        0x25ae     #         solid square block
           WACS_BOARD        0x2592     #         board of squares
           WACS_BTEE         0x2534     +         bottom tee
           WACS_BULLET       0x00b7     o         bullet

           WACS_CKBOARD      0x2592     :         checker board (stipple)
           WACS_DARROW       0x2193     v         arrow pointing down
           WACS_DEGREE       0x00b0     '         degree symbol
           WACS_DIAMOND      0x25c6     +         diamond
           WACS_GEQUAL       0x2265     >         greater-than-or-equal-to
           WACS_HLINE        0x2500     -         horizontal line
           WACS_LANTERN      0x2603     #         lantern symbol
           WACS_LARROW       0x2190     <         arrow pointing left
           WACS_LEQUAL       0x2264     <         less-than-or-equal-to
           WACS_LLCORNER     0x2514     +         lower left-hand corner
           WACS_LRCORNER     0x2518     +         lower right-hand corner
           WACS_LTEE         0x2524     +         left tee
           WACS_NEQUAL       0x2260     !         not-equal
           WACS_PI           0x03c0     *         greek pi
           WACS_PLMINUS      0x00b1     #         plus/minus
           WACS_PLUS         0x253c     +         plus
           WACS_RARROW       0x2192     >         arrow pointing right
           WACS_RTEE         0x251c     +         right tee
           WACS_S1           0x23ba     -         scan line 1
           WACS_S3           0x23bb     -         scan line 3
           WACS_S7           0x23bc     -         scan line 7
           WACS_S9           0x23bd     _         scan line 9
           WACS_STERLING     0x00a3     f         pound-sterling symbol
           WACS_TTEE         0x252c     +         top tee
           WACS_UARROW       0x2191     ^         arrow pointing up
           WACS_ULCORNER     0x250c     +         upper left-hand corner
           WACS_URCORNER     0x2510     +         upper right-hand corner
           WACS_VLINE        0x2502     |         vertical line

           The wide-character configuration of ncurses  also  defines
           symbols for thick- and double-lines:

           Name              Unicode   Default   Description
           ---------------------------------------------------------------------
           WACS_T_ULCORNER   0x250f    +         thick upper left corner
           WACS_T_LLCORNER   0x2517    +         thick lower left corner
           WACS_T_URCORNER   0x2513    +         thick upper right corner
           WACS_T_LRCORNER   0x251b    +         thick lower right corner
           WACS_T_LTEE       0x252b    +         thick tee pointing right
           WACS_T_RTEE       0x2523    +         thick tee pointing left
           WACS_T_BTEE       0x253b    +         thick tee pointing up
           WACS_T_TTEE       0x2533    +         thick tee pointing down
           WACS_T_HLINE      0x2501    -         thick horizontal line
           WACS_T_VLINE      0x2503    |         thick vertical line
           WACS_T_PLUS       0x254b    +         thick large plus or crossover
           WACS_D_ULCORNER   0x2554    +         double upper left corner
           WACS_D_LLCORNER   0x255a    +         double lower left corner
           WACS_D_URCORNER   0x2557    +         double upper right corner
           WACS_D_LRCORNER   0x255d    +         double lower right corner
           WACS_D_RTEE       0x2563    +         double tee pointing left
           WACS_D_LTEE       0x2560    +         double tee pointing right
           WACS_D_BTEE       0x2569    +         double tee pointing up
           WACS_D_TTEE       0x2566    +         double tee pointing down
           WACS_D_HLINE      0x2550    -         double horizontal line
           WACS_D_VLINE      0x2551    |         double vertical line
           WACS_D_PLUS       0x256c    +         double large plus or crossover

## RETURN VALUES

           All routines return the integer ERR upon failure and OK on
           success.

           Functions with a "mv" prefix first perform a cursor  move-
           ment  using  wmove, and return an error if the position is
           outside the window, or if the window pointer is null.

## NOTES

           Note that add_wch, mvadd_wch, mvwadd_wch,  and  echo_wchar
           may be macros.

## PORTABILITY

           All  of  these  functions  are described in the XSI Curses
           standard, Issue 4.  The defaults specified for  line-draw-
           ing characters apply in the POSIX locale.

           X/Open Curses makes it clear that the WACS_ symbols should
           be defined as a pointer to cchar_t data, e.g., in the dis-
           cussion of border_set.  A few implementations are problem-
           atic:

           o   NetBSD curses defines the symbols as a wchar_t  within
               a cchar_t.

           o   HPUX  curses  equates  some of the ACS_ symbols to the
               analogous WACS_ symbols as if the  ACS_  symbols  were
               wide  characters.   The  misdefined  symbols  are  the
               arrows and other symbols which are not used for  line-
               drawing.

           X/Open  Curses  does not define symbols for thick- or dou-
           ble-lines.   SVr4  curses  implementations  defined  their
           line-drawing  symbols  in  terms  of intermediate symbols.
           This implementation extends those symbols,  providing  new
           definitions which are not in the SVr4 implementations.

## SEE ALSO

           curses(3x), curs_addch(3x), curs_attr(3x), curs_clear(3x),
           curs_outopts(3x), curs_refresh(3x), putwc(3)

                                                           curs_add_wch(3x)